Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C). Spray an 8½x4½-inch loaf pan with baking spray with flour. Line bottom and all sides of pan with parchment paper, letting excess over sides of pan.
For frangipane: In a medium bowl, stir ¼ cup (57 grams) unsalted butter until creamy. Add ½ cup (48 grams) superfine blanched almond flour, ¼ cup (50 grams) granulated sugar, 2 tablespoons (16 grams) all-purpose flour, 1 large egg white (30 grams), ¼ teaspoon kosher salt, and ½ teaspoon almond extract; stir until well combined. Cover until ready to use.
For batter: In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment, beat ½ cup (113 grams) unsalted butter and 1 cup (200 grams) granulated sugar at medium speed until fluffy, 3 to 4 minutes, stopping to scrape sides of bowl. Add 2 large eggs (100 grams), one at a time, beating until well combined after each addition and stopping to scrape sides of bowl. Beat in 1 teaspoon (4 grams) vanilla extract and ¼ teaspoon (1 gram) almond extract just until combined.
In a medium bowl, whisk together 1¾ cups (219 grams) all-purpose flour, 1 tablespoon (15 grams) baking powder, and ½ teaspoon (1.5 grams) kosher salt. With mixer on low speed, gradually add flour mixture to butter mixture alternately with ½ cup (120 grams) full-fat plain Greek yogurt, beginning and ending with flour mixture, beating just until combined after each addition, stopping to scrape sides of bowl.
In a small bowl, toss together 1 tablespoon (8 grams) all-purpose flour with 1¼ cups (175 grams) fresh blueberries. Fold 1 cup (140 grams) blueberries and frangipane into batter. Spread batter to prepared pan. Tap pan on a kitchen towel-lined counter several times to settle batter. Top with remaining ¼ cup (35 grams) blueberries and 2 tablespoons (15 grams) sliced almonds.
Bake for 20 minutes. Reduce oven temperature to 325°F (170°C), and bake until golden brown, top feels dry and set, and an instant-read thermometer inserted in center registers 202°F (94°C) to 210°F (99°C), 55 minutes to 1 hour and 5 minutes more, loosely covering with foil to prevent excess browning, if necessary. Let cool in pan for 10 minutes.
Using excess parchment as handles, remove from pan, and let cool completely on a wire rack. Store in airtight container for up to 3 days.
