Preheat your oven to 425°F. Position a rack in the center of the oven and line a baking sheet with parchment paper for easy cleanup.
Cut the cauliflower in half to remove the stem, or use a paring knife to cut the stem out from the bottom. Slice the cauliflower into evenly sized florets.
Place the cauliflower florets in a large mixing bowl. Drizzle with olive oil, then season with salt, paprika, and black pepper. Add the minced garlic and 1/4 cup of Parmesan cheese. Toss everything together until well-coated.
Arrange the cauliflower on the prepared baking sheet, cut-side down. Bake for 15 minutes or until golden brown.
Flip the florets, sprinkle with the remaining Parmesan cheese, and add mozzarella cheese if using. Continue roasting for another 6 to 10 minutes.
Serve the cauliflower hot, alongside any cheese bits that have stuck to the pan.
